Using Simulation to Compare 4 Categories of Intervention for Reducing Cardiovascular Disease Risks

Kenneth H. Davis; R. E. Folsom; F. Ivy Carroll; Phillip C. Cooley; Lyle M. Retzlaff; Michael F. Weeks; H. Koo; Herbert H. Seltzman; E. Pellizzari; Deborah W. McFadden; Roger D. Austin; Martin B. Lee; Judith T. Lynch; Debra M. Fleischmann; Carol Place; Stephen D. Cooper; Rick L. Williams; Lillie B. Barber; Doris J. Rouse; Ivey A. McDaniel; Charlotte O. Scheper; Paul Kizakevich; Donna M. Jewell; Marion E. Deerhake; Cora B. Parker; Eugene P. Brantly; Phyllis D. Elkins; Patricia A. Cunningham; Robert S. Truesdale; Sara C. Wheeless; Robert M. Bray; Cynthia A. Salmons; Gary B. Howe; Coleen M. Northeim; Susan K. Myers; Gordon M. Cressman; Josephine A. Mauskopf; Tim J. Gabel; Luis Arturo Crouch; Celia D. Keller; Lisa E. Packer; Pamela B. Lamb; Keith White Little; Nathaniel F. Rodman; M. Owen; James P. Hayes; Daniel L. Winfield; Deborah A. Gibbs; Janice E. Kelly-Reid; Wayne G. Winstead; Cindy O. McClintock; Terrence K. Pierson; Johnny R. Albritton; Sherry L. Black; Jeffrey B. Coburn; Joe B. Simpson; Ed E. Rickman; James T. Hanley; R. Suresh; Barbara L. Kroner; K. Heller; James C. Blake; Barri B. Burrus; Anthony C. Clayton; Donna S. Womack; S. Mascarella; Scott A. Guthrie; Sheryl C. Cates; Albert D. Bethke; Suson F. VonLehmden; Kathryn L. Dowd; Daniel J. Pratt; Lisa J. McQuay; Matthew A. Koch; Jonathan T. Ennis; Robert A. Zerbonia; Nick L. Kinsey; Susan H. Kinsey; Christopher P. Carson; J. Newsome; S. Keesling; James A. O'Rourke; Kathryn R. Batts; Craig R. Hollingsworth; Priya Suresh; Joseph Wendell Wilson; Vorapranee Wickelgren; E. Andrew Jessup; Diana S. Goss; Sheri E. Fehnel; Gayle S. Bieler; Donna P. Coleman; R. Crawford; Jeanne Ann Snodgrass; Nellie I. Hansen; Michelle Lang; Deirdre M. Mladsi; Gary A. Zarkin; Rachel A. Caspar; Carol L. Woodell; G Hirsch; J Homer; Justin Trogdon; K Wile; D Orenstein

Using Simulation to Compare 4 Categories of Intervention for Reducing Cardiovascular Disease Risks

Hirsch, G., Homer, J., Trogdon, J., Wile, K., & Orenstein, D. (2014). Using Simulation to Compare 4 Categories of Intervention for Reducing Cardiovascular Disease Risks. American Journal of Public Health, 104(7), 1187-1195. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2013.301816

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Abstract

The Prevention Impacts Simulation Model (PRISM) projects the multiyear impacts of 22 different interventions aimed at reducing risk of cardiovascular disease. We grouped these into 4 categories: clinical, behavioral support, health promotion and access, and taxes and regulation. We simulated impacts for the United States overall and also for a less-advantaged county with a higher death rate. Of the 4 categories of intervention, taxes and regulation reduce costs the most in the short term (through 2020) and long term (through 2040) and reduce deaths the most in the long term; they are second to clinical interventions in reducing deaths in the short term. All 4 categories combined were required to bring costs and deaths in the less-advantaged county down to the national level. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print May 15, 2014: e1-e9. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301816)