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Statistical analysis of a round-robin measurement survey of two candidate materials for a Seebeck coefficient standard reference material
Lu, ZQJ., Lowhorn, ND., Wong-Ng, W., Zhang, W., Thomas, EL., Otani, M., Green, ML., Tran, TN., Caylor, C., Dilley, NR., Downey, A., Edwards, B., Elsner, N., Ghamaty, S., Hogan, T., Jie, Q., Li, Q., Martin, J., Nolas, G., ... Tritt, T. (2009). Statistical analysis of a round-robin measurement survey of two candidate materials for a Seebeck coefficient standard reference material. Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, 114(1), 37-55. http://nvl.nist.gov/pub/nistpubs/jres/114/1/V114.N01.A04.pdf
Thermoelectricity is the study of the direct conversion between thermal and electrical energy through the Seebeck and Peltier effects. In the Seebeck effect, a potential difference arises when a junction between two dissimilar conductors is heated or cooled [1]. The Seebeck effect can be used for power generation applications. Conversely, when a current passes through the junction between two dissimilar conductors, heat is absorbed or expelled at the junction depending on the direction of current flow. This is known as the Peltier effect and can be used for electronic refrigeration [2].