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Relationship between Cigarette Use and Mood/Anxiety Disorders among Pregnant Methadone-Maintained Patients
Chisolm, MS., Tuten, M., Brigham, EC., Strain, EC., & Jones, H. (2009). Relationship between Cigarette Use and Mood/Anxiety Disorders among Pregnant Methadone-Maintained Patients. American Journal on Addictions, 18(5), 422-429.
This study investigates the association between cigarette use and current mood/anxiety disorders among pregnant opioid-dependent patients. Pregnant methadone-maintained women (N = 122) completed the Addiction Severity Index and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. Participants were categorized based on past 30 days cigarette use: no (n = 15) and any smoking (n = 107); this latter group was then subdivided into light (one to ten cigarettes/day; n = 55), and heavy smokers (11+cigarettes/day; n=52). Any smoking was significantly associated with any current mood/anxiety disorder (p < 0.001), any current mood disorder (p = 0.007), and any current anxiety disorder (p<0.001). No significant association was found between specific level of cigarette use and mood/anxiety disorders. This association between smoking and psychiatric disorders has implications for the mental and physical health of methadone-maintained women and their children, and may contribute to the understanding of the physiological mechanisms underlying smoking and nicotine dependence. (Am J Addict 2009; 18: 422-429)