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Phase II randomised trial of autologous tumour lysate dendritic cell plus best supportive care compared with best supportive care in pre-treated advanced colorectal cancer patients
Caballero-Banos, M., Benitez-Ribas, D., Tabera, J., Varea, S., Vilana, R., Bianchi, L., Ramon Ayuso, J., Pages, M., Carrera, G., Cuatrecasas, M., Martin-Richard, M., Cid, J., Lozano, M., Castells, A., Garcia-Albeniz, X., Maurel, J., & Vilella, R. (2016). Phase II randomised trial of autologous tumour lysate dendritic cell plus best supportive care compared with best supportive care in pre-treated advanced colorectal cancer patients. European Journal of Cancer, 64, 167-174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2016.06.008
Background: Autologous tumour lysate dendritic cell vaccine (ADC) has T-cell stimulatory capacity and, therefore, potential antitumour activity. We designed a phase II randomised trial of ADC + best supportive care (BSC) (experimental arm [EA]) compared with BSC (control arm [CA]), in pre-treated metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients.
Patients and methods: Patients with progressive mCRC, at least to two chemotherapy regimens and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) 0-2, were randomised to EA versus CA. Stratification criteria: ECOG PS (0-1 versus 2) and lactate dehydrogenase (ULN). EA was administered subcutaneously till progressive disease. Primary end-point was progression-free survival (PFS) at 4 months.
Results: Fifty-two patients were included (28 EA/24 CA). An interim analysis recommended early termination for futility. No objective radiological response was observed in EA. Median PFS in EA was 2.7 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.3-3.2 months) versus 2.3 months (95% CI, 2.1-2.5 months) in CA (p = 0.628). Median overall survival (OS) was 6.2 months (95% CI, 4.4-7.9 months) in EA versus 4.7 months (95% CI, 2.3-7 months) in CA (p = 0.41). No ADC-related adverse events were reported. Immunization induces tumour-specific T-cell response in 21 of 25 (84%) patients. Responder patients have an OS of 7.3 months (95% CI, 5.2-9.4 months) versus 3.8 months (95% CI, 0.6-6.9 months) in non-responders; p = 0.026).
Conclusion: Our randomised clinical trial comparing ADC + BSC versus BSC in mCRC demonstrates that ADC generates a tumour-specific immune response but not benefit on PFS and OS. Our results do not support the use of ADC alone, in a phase III trial. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.