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Evaluation of onchocerciasis transmission in Tanzania
Preliminary rapid field results in the Tukuyu Focus, 2015
Paulin, H. N., Nshala, A., Kalinga, A., Mwingira, U., Wiegand, R., Cama, V., & Cantey, P. T. (2017). Evaluation of onchocerciasis transmission in Tanzania: Preliminary rapid field results in the Tukuyu Focus, 2015. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 97(3), 673-676. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.16-0988
To compare diagnostic tests for onchocerciasis in a setting that has suppressed transmission, a randomized, age-stratified study was implemented in an area in Tanzania that had received 15 rounds of annual mass drug administration (MDA) with ivermectin. Study participants (N = 948) from 11 villages underwent a questionnaire, skin examination, skin snips, and blood draw. The burden of symptomatic disease was low. Ov-16 antibody rapid diagnostic test (RDT) results were positive in 38 (5.5%) participants, with 1 (0.5%), 1 (0.4%), and 2 (0.8%) in children aged 0-5, 6-10, and 11-15 years, respectively. Despite significant impact of MDA on transmission, the area would have failed to meet World Health Organization serologic criteria for stopping MDA if a full evaluation had been conducted. The specificity of the RDT, which is 97-98%, may result in the identification of a number of false positives that would exceed the current stop MDA threshold.
