Evaluation of the effect of doxasozin and zonisamide on voluntary ethanol intake in mice that experienced chronic intermittent ethanol exposure and stress

Abstract

The comorbidity between alcohol use disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder represents a serious health care burden with few effective treatment options. The current study was designed to evaluate the effect of an alpha 1 receptor antagonist (doxazosin) and a novel anticonvulsant (zonisamide) in a model of alcohol (ethanol) dependence and stress exposure. The main dependent variable was voluntary ethanol intake in mice that experienced chronic intermittent ethanol (CIE) exposure and forced swim stress (FSS) alone, and in combination. Adult male and female C57BL/6J mice had access to a single bottle of 15% (v/v) ethanol for 1-hr in the home cage, 3-hr into the dark phase of the light/dark cycle. Once stable ethanol intake was established (∼4 weeks), mice were separated into four groups (CTL, CIE, FSS, CIE+FSS). Mice in the FSS condition received 10-min FSS exposure 4-hr prior to drinking sessions (remaining mice were not disturbed). During baseline and the first two test cycles, all mice received vehicle (saline) injections (IP) 30-min before ethanol access. As previously observed, FSS increased ethanol drinking in dependent (CIE-exposed) mice but not in nondependent control (CTL) mice. In the following test cycles mice were evaluated for ethanol intake after administration of doxazosin, zonisamide or their combination. Results indicated that the three doses of doxazosin evaluated significantly reduced voluntary ethanol intake in all mice. Zonisamide had a more modest effect and may require a more prolonged treatment regime. The combined administration of both compounds was not more effective than each drug alone. This study suggests that doxazosin is reliable at reducing voluntary ethanol intake in mice independently of their history of ethanol dependence and stress exposure.