The Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions and Policies for Noncommunicable Diseases and Their Risk Factors in the Latin America and Caribbean Region

Abstract

Economic Dimensions of Noncommunicable Diseases in Latin America and the Caribbean is a companion volume to Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (DCP3). This volume explores the relationship between and the impact of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) on development and economic growth in the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). This collection of manuscripts examines the complex interplay among NCDs, health expenditures and financial investments in health, poverty, and inequities, using up-to-date information and evidence from the LAC region. There is compelling proof that NCDs are a major and growing problem for low- and middle-income countries, and that they consume increasingly greater proportions of health care budgets. NCDs are not simply a byproduct of higher incomes and declining infectious disease rates, but are also a major cause of disability and ill health and the leading cause of preventable and premature mortality in the Americas. NCDs are responsible for significant out-of-pocket health expenditures for individuals and families, as well as substantial health outlays in national budgets [...] Economic Dimensions of Noncommunicable Diseases in Latin America and the Caribbean recognizes the relationship between NCDs and sociodemographic trends in the LAC region. These include unprecedented rates of urbanization, globalization, rapid population aging, and inadequate health system responses to these changes. This volume provides health planners and decision makers with relevant information about how NCDs contribute to economic development and makes a case for greater investments in the prevention and control of chronic conditions. This book also builds on previous evidence and assesses new empirical work, with the goal of influencing NCD policies, program design, and resource allocation at the regional and country level. The volume also recommends specific, concrete actions and calls for an all-of-society approach to address NCDs as both an urgent economic concern and a development issue. With these objectives in mind, Economic Dimensions of Noncommunicable Diseases in Latin America and the Caribbean has been written by PAHO technical advisors and a range of other, specially selected experts, for an audience that ranges from academics and health professionals to policy makers and program managers, as well as the media, lawmakers, and the general public.