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Bowen, G. L., & Van Dorn, R. A. (2002). Community violent crime rates and school danger. Children and Schools, 24(2), 90-104. https://doi.org/10.1093/cs/24.2.90
The study discussed in this article investigated the association between community violent crime rates and middle school students' perceptions of school danger. School danger was defined as fighting among students, destruction of school property, students carrying weapons, and gang fights. Data were collected from a nationally representative sample of 857 middle school students. Findings indicate that community crime rates are associated with male middle school students' reports of school danger but not female students' reports. Implications for community- and school-based preventive interventions are discussed in the context of social disorganization theory.