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The association of the room air challenge with long-term outcomes in extremely preterm infants
Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth Human Dev Neonatal Res (2024). The association of the room air challenge with long-term outcomes in extremely preterm infants. Journal of Perinatology, (9). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41372-024-02074-3
Objective: Evaluate the association between results of the room air (RA) challenge and death, respiratory morbidity, and neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) at 2 years' corrected age. Study design: Cohort study of infants born <27 weeks' gestational age who underwent a RA challenge to determine BPD diagnosis at 36 weeks postmenstrual age. Results: Of 1022 infants eligible for the RA challenge, 554 underwent testing and 223 passed. Test result was not associated with death or serious respiratory morbidities [adjusted relative risk (aRR) 1.01, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.65-1.56] or death or moderate/severe NDI (aRR 1.06, 95% CI 0.81-1.39) at 2 years. Conclusion: Results of the RA challenge were not associated with differences in respiratory or neurodevelopmental morbidity at 2 years, suggesting the RA challenge does not add prognostic value in contemporary extremely preterm infants.
