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Salloum, A., Small, B. J., Robst, J., Scheeringa, M. S., Cohen, J. A., & Storch, E. A. (2017). Stepped and standard care for childhood trauma: A pilot randomized clinical trial. Research on Social Work Practice, 27(6), 653-663. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049731515601898
Objective: This study explored the feasibility of stepped care trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (SC-TF-CBT) relative to TF-CBT with children (aged 8–12). Method: Children (N = 33) with post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) were randomly assigned (2:1) to SC-TF-CBT or TF-CBT. SC-TF-CBT consisted of Step 1, parent-led therapist-assisted treatment, and Step 2 (nine TF-CBT sessions). TF-CBT consisted of 12 therapist-directed sessions. Baseline, post-Step 1, posttreatment, and 3-month follow-up assessments occurred. Cost-related data were collected throughout the treatment. Results: In all, 64% (intent-to-treat) to 82% (completers) responded to Step 1. Group × Time interactions were not statistically significant for PTSS (p =.888), severity (p =.576), and internalizing (p =.862)/externalizing (p =.974) symptoms, indicating comparable improvements in outcomes across both conditions. There were no significant differences in parental treatment credibility (p =.440), expectations (p =.664), and satisfaction (p =.768). SC-TF-CBT total costs were significantly lower than TF-CBT (Effect Size [ES] = 1.61, confidence interval [CI] = [0.65, 2.59], p