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Sheinkopf, SJ., LaGasse, LL., Lester, BM., Liu, J., Seifer, R., Bauer, CR., Shankaran, S., Bada, H., Higgins, R., & Das, A. (2006). Prenatal cocaine exposure: Cardiorespiratory function and resilience. In Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Volume 1094 Issue: Resilience in Children (pp. 354-358). Blackwell Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1376.049
Cardiac vagal tone (VT) was studied as a resilience factor in children prenatally exposed to cocaine and nonexposed controls (n= 550). A cumulative risk index was derived and used to classify children as high versus low risk. VT was measured during mildly stressful observations at 1 and 36 months of age. Children were classified as having consistently high, consistently low, or fluctuating VT. Risk and VT interacted to predict adaptive behaviors. For high-risk children, low VT was related to higher ratings of adaptive behaviors. This finding suggests that regulatory functioning, as indexed by VT, may be a protective factor in prenatal CE.
