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Relation to birth status and developmental outcome during the first 5 years
Rose, S. A., Feldman, J. F., Wallace, I. F., & McCarton, C. (1991). Information processing at 1 year: Relation to birth status and developmental outcome during the first 5 years. Developmental Psychology, 27(5), 723-737. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.27.5.723
As part of a longitudinal study of high-risk preterm infants (birthweight less than 1500 g) and a low socioeconomic status (SES) comparison group of full-term infants, measures of information processing were obtained at 1 year: visual and tactual recognition memory, cross-modal transfer, and object permanence. Of these, cross-modal transfer was the most strongly related to later intelligence, correlating with outcome at 1.5, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years for preterms and from 3-5 years for full-terms rs = .44 to .54; relations with outcome were independent of SES, maternal education, medical risk, and early Bayley scores. When this 1-year measure of cross-modal transfer was combined with 7-month visual recognition memory, 35%-51% of the variance in 3-, 4-, and 5-year IQ was explained.