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Wingard, C. J., Urankar, R. N., Shananhann, J., Vidanapathirana, A. K., Thompson, L. C., Sumner, S. C. J., Fennell, T. R., Brown, J. M., & Lust, R. M. (2013). Acute silver nanoparticle exposure increases cardiac ischemic/reperfusion injury in Sprague-Dawley rats. The Toxicologist, Supplement to Toxicological Sciences, 132(1), 242.
The expanding use and production of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) as anti-bacterial/fungal agents is raising concerns regarding their safety to human health. The diversity of nanosized silvers (AgNP) and coatings for dispersion may produce combinations that minimize potential toxic effects on the cardiovascular system. We hypothesized that acute intratracheal (IT) exposure to 20 nm (S; small) or 110 nm (L; Large) AgNP coated with either polyvinylpyrorrolidone (P) or citrate (C) would increase the susceptibility of cardiac tissue to a regional ischemic reperfusion (I/R) injury. Young male Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to 200 μg of AgNP. 24 hrs post-exposure, cardiac ischemia was induced for 20 mins followed by 2 hrs of reperfusion in situ. Hearts were sectioned stained with Evans blue to demarcate Area at Risk (AAR) and counter stained with TTC to determine % of AAR infarcted. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum was collected post I/R injury to evaluate pulmonary injury and circulating markers of injury. Neither P (22 ± 2% Infarct/AAR) nor C (24 ± 1% Infarct/AAR) altered the extent of infarcted cardiac tissue as compared to naive (22 ± 2% Infarct/AAR). However, the installation of all forms of AgNP significantly increased the extent of cardiac I/R injury. As a group the P-coated AgNP developed larger infarcts than C-coated. The 20 nm were more effective at enhancing I/R Injury (SP 43 ± 2.0% Infarct/AAR, SC 37 ± 3% Infarct/AAR) than the 110 nm size (LP 37 ± 3% Infarct/AAR, LC 31± 2% Infarct/AAR). The opposite pattern was observed in the BALF endpoints with P and L AgNP having greater effects. Our results suggest IT exposure to AgNP have differential effects on pulmonary and cardiac tissues following the application of I/R injury. This work is supported by NIEHS U19 ES019525.
